王力雄：洛桑森格的路

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洛桑森格的路

文/王力雄

4月27日，流亡西藏正式公布噶伦赤巴选举结果，穿西服的年轻哈佛博士洛桑森格取代了穿袈裟的长者桑东仁波切，成为流亡政府新首脑。加上此前达赖喇嘛卸掉了所有政治职务，可以说流亡社会的一个新时代正式开启。

洛桑森格的新政府会带来什么变化，现在谈论似乎为时过早。但是用选票把洛桑森格送上总理位置的选民，无疑是带着变革的期望。这种期望也会推动洛桑森格去实现变革。

有人认为，洛桑森格长期在海外居住，因此他了解印度之外的流亡藏人，这是以前流亡政府不熟悉的领域，对海外藏人一直比较忽视，洛桑森格可以对此改观，使海外藏人在未来发挥更大作用。

有人认为，对印度的定居点，作为僧人的桑东仁波切没有世俗生活经验，不知道该做什么。洛桑森格出生在印度定居点，有新知识，了解年轻人想法，因此定居点的工作会有改善。

还有人想到，洛桑森格的太太出身不丹王室，也许有利于流亡政府对喜马拉雅山区藏人的工作。等等。

不过，仅有这些都谈不上变革，反而更像民选政府的庸俗化，以及流亡社会的在地化。虽然庸俗化和在地化都不是错误，是普选制产生的政府几乎难逃的必然之路，就像国民党把目标定位于台湾本土的选票，就会放弃重返大陆舞台的雄心那样。但我相信初登舞台的洛桑森格不会满足于此，他会有新人的雄心壮志，而实现雄心壮志的领域非解决西藏问题莫属。

然而这恰恰又是他薄弱的地方。流亡西藏的老一代领导人至少都有亲身的西藏经历，熟悉西藏的土地和人民，也和中国方面打过多年交道。洛桑森格却从未到过西藏，也不了解中国。不过这种薄弱，也可能反过来促使他走一条新路。他也许不会再像老一代领导人那样热衷与中国当局打交道，用不着再去买中国的账，桑东政府与中国十年谈判无果，已经宣告与中国谈判没有出路。

但是洛桑森格的路会是什么路呢？他心中有此路，还是也茫然？他应该不是简单地甩开中国，虽然他可能擅长与西方发展关系，可那已经被达赖喇嘛做到了极致，并未使西藏问题得到进展。而远离中国，一定程度也会远离中国统治下的西藏境内人民。洛桑森格需要在老一辈人走过的两极之间，寻找前人未走过的道路。那条路究竟有没有？是什么？怎么走？只能让人在他的任期内拭目以待了。

2011-5-1

（本文为RFA藏语节目，转载请注明。）


Lobsang Sangay’s Path

Written by Wang Lixiong

Translated by Ogyen


On April 27, the Tibetan exile government officially announced the Kalon Tripa election result that replaced the elderly Samdong Rinpoche in robes by the young Harward PhD Lobsang Sangay in suits and became the new leader of the exile government. Meanwhile, the Dalai Lama too announced his complete retirement from politics and thus, a new epoch can be said to have begun to exile community.

It is too early to say what changes Lobsang Sangay’s government will bring but by offering him the seat of the prime minister through votes, the voters undoubtedly hold a hope of change. This hope will push him for the change to materialize.

People cite that being an overseas resident, Lobsang Sangay is better aware of the Tibetan refugees abroad, which the earlier governments were less familiar and neglected. Lobsang Sangay can change this by tapping their participation to let them play greater roles.

People also say that the exile settlements being not managed well enough as Samdong Rinpoche is a monk and so lacks in the experiences of secular life. However, Lobsang Sangay was born and brought up in these settlements and so his knowledge about the settlements will help improve their welfare.

Yet there are people speculating that with Lobsang Sangay's wife being from Bhutanese royal family, he will also strive for the well-being of the Tibetans in the Himalayan regions, and so on.

However, these above-mentioned are not the real changes, rather are more of vulgarization of the elected government and localization of the exile community which are not wrong though, these are almost the inevitable paths to be taken by a government formed through universal suffrage, like Kuomintang Party forgoing its ambition of returning to mainland China to revive its influence for the sake of its vote-bank in Taiwan. But with new aspirations and ambitions, Lobsang Sangay would not be satisfied merely with these, and these aspirations and ambitions are realized by none other than solving the Tibetan issue.

Nevertheless, this is exactly where his weakness lies. The older generation of exile leaders have seen and experienced Tibet, familiar with the land and its people, plus dealt with the Chinese government for many years. Lobsang Sangay has never been to Tibet and is short in his knowledge about China. However, unlike past leaders who were keen dealing with China, his weakness might in turn will impel him to go on a new path of no more being deceived by the Chinese government as was in the case of Samdong Rinpoche’s government gaining no substantial progress with 10 years of diplomatic effort and eventually declared no solution would come in dealing with China.

Then what path Lobsang Sangay is going to take? Does he have it already formed in his mind or just moving ahead blindly? He must not be simply disengaging with China, though he might be good at improving relations with the west which the Dalai lama has already done to the greatest extent, yet achieved nothing. West being far away from China, which to some extent, also means far away from the Tibetans in Tibet under Chinese rule. Thus Lobsang Sangay should, in between the two extremes of paths taken by his predecessors, find a new path that has never been taken before. Whether there is such a path or not, what path it is and how to go, we should just wait and see during his term as the prime minister.