噶伦赤巴应该是伟大的开拓者
来源：王力雄文库
http://wlx.sowiki.net/?action=show&id=423
流亡藏人社区马上要开始的噶伦赤巴【注】选举，首先面对一个基本选择，即要求噶伦赤巴的主要任务是什么？是管好流亡社区，还是解决西藏问题？两个任务所要求的噶伦赤巴是不一样的。如果主要是管好流亡社区，选一个有公正之心，熟悉流亡政府系统和运作，与印度政府关系密切，也擅长与西方打交道的噶伦赤巴即可，如果主要为解决西藏问题，对噶伦赤巴的要求则不同。
流亡西藏的老一代领导人在管理流亡社区方面是卓有成绩的，在解决西藏问题上也下了很大功夫。不过我接触的流亡藏人普遍对他们解决西藏问题的做法不满意，认为是沉湎幻想，走错了方向。这种看法不一定是真实，但是已经形成，包括达赖喇嘛都被认为与现实脱节。尽管达赖喇嘛的崇高威望仍然可以确保他的中间道路主张得到表决多数，但只是出于对达赖喇嘛的服从，而不是对中间道路的信服。人们内心普遍对这种选择缺乏热情。除了老一代领导人相信，多数流亡藏人都不认为会有实际结果。老一代领导人无法很有说服力地让民众看到真实前景，难以激起他们的热情。
这一届噶伦赤巴选举第一次形成了真正的竞争。考虑中国的变化和达赖喇嘛的年龄，下任噶伦赤巴很可能面临重要的历史关口，需要更加独立地担当重要使命。但是在上述背景下，很多人只是简单地为即将出现新一代领导人而兴奋，认为下一任噶伦赤巴应该是和现任领导人相反的形象，却很少考虑这个关键问题。在目前这种大规模范围的选举中，人们往往只能从外在形象认识参选者，无法了解真实情况。而参选者的竞选也是面对流行大众的层面，不能提出新的问题，形成独特的纲领。这时即使选举形式是民主的，也不一定能选出合适的领导人。
成熟的民主国家有专家、大学、智囊机构等专业团队辅佐，选出的领导人即使欠缺智慧，也可以得到弥补，谁当选都不会差太多，而流亡西藏不具备那些条件，因此要求当选领导人必须自身具备足够的智慧和深刻的思想，足以开拓新的局面，才能带领西藏走向未来。
2010-8-30
（本文为RFA藏语节目，转载请注明。）
（唯色）注：
噶伦赤巴：藏语，Kalon Tripa，总理或首相。
西藏的现状是教民为教主负责，教主维护教民。不一定这就是维护西藏。与其说维护西藏的利益，还不如说维护教民的利益。几千年没有变，即就是共产党来了“百万农奴都解放”了，这个事实是没有变的。尤其是今天藏语被贬为中国社会之外的，不入流的非官方语言的时候。西藏人仍然视教主为领袖的事实，不是改变选举形式而改变，如今，西藏的现状仍然是达赖喇嘛是第一位，谁也不能够替代，这是一个现实，也是一个事实。因为这个事实是自从固始汗赐予西藏的大喇嘛为“达赖喇嘛”开始。注定达赖喇嘛要受别人的摆布，也注定了达赖喇嘛借此试图摆布别人。从此不但西藏的教民听从于达赖喇嘛，还有固始汗的承民也听从教主达赖喇嘛。因而，搞不清谁在直接受着谁的控制，也搞不清楚谁在间接控制着谁。大到国家是这样，小到乡下也是这样，今天中国的有些事国家主席说了，也没有几十年流浪在外的达赖喇嘛说了算。印度也是一样，即就是达赖喇嘛怎么说他退休了，他的威信内部是他个人能够控制的，即就是藏人的新总理也难免不受控制。即就是政教完全脱离，就像今天在中国藏区那样。也是不可能不受交易的控制。所以共产党要控制教。kalon tripa能不能够控制住各个教派？各个教主能不能听从于总理的调遣，那还得另当别论。
回复删除新的噶倫赤巴必須回到抗爭的原點
回复删除去年至今，從印度達蘭薩拉西藏流亡政府重鎮到美國華府的西藏社區，從日本大阪摔角集訓的三個西藏男孩到南美洲秘魯東部小鎮納斯卡僅有的吐蕃特扎西嘉措一家，所有海內外西藏人都在關注流亡政府下一屆每個總理候選人所講的話，句句引起大家的熱議。支持者喻為明日西藏的創造者，反對者則喻為撒旦的化生，中間選民當仲裁者。更有些用功的選民揚起每個候選人從小到大埋藏在輝煌學經歷堆中的塵土。在這資訊爆炸的年代，每個候選人絞盡腦汁，花樣百出抄襲歐美的選舉語言，讓人看得眼花繚亂，聽的心裡癢癢的。也是我少年流亡到成年的歲月裡最快活的一年。若零八年是西藏人集體悲傷的一年，那麼今年應該是走出悲傷，腦筋激盪，思想活躍的一年。
半世紀多的流亡生涯及被殖民滄桑的歲月裡，我們西藏人得到深刻的教訓是治國無能昏庸輩出的貴族統治必須結束，帶著樂觀的放牧思維自我封閉在雪山環繞天國的國民性要改變。所以西藏流亡者們開始認識雪域之外的治國之道，了解運作方式，借鑒他山之石，應運在自已的體系之中。逐漸把這種民主體制的拓展與鞏固成為官民的共識。也是西藏流亡者不加思考誇口炫耀的招牌。但我們淡忘真正流亡的原因。我們不是爭取民主自由，追逐海外；也不是倡導世界和平，共榮共存流亡各國。而是鄰國中國帝國的槍砲彈藥的伺候下趕出自己家園的一群失敗者。忘恩負義的一幫偽善者，難倒不是嗎？每年中國舉辦的“西藏解放日”就是砍下我們祖先頭顱示眾日。只不過換了形式，本質是一樣的。中國舉辦“西藏解放日”年比年宏大，境內西藏同胞的頭砍的年比年多。難道年年到京城遞狀子，報答吾皇的恩典。西藏流亡政府遞狀子給中南海已30年了。這種把戲演多了損己不利人，損己在於荒廢一代又一代人為國奉獻的精神，不利人在於侵略者誤判我們是誠服的臣民。故此，下一屆的噶倫赤巴必須吹起響亮的號角，轉身擁抱雪山環繞大地，重建自己的家園，光復TIBET.
美西安多瓦
阿佳啦，我把先生的这篇文章翻译成了英文。
回复删除Kalon Tripa should be a great pioneer
For the forthcoming Kalon Tripa election, the Tibetan exile community has to make an important choice based on the critical question: which task should have more priority, to manage the exile community or to resolve the Tibetan issue? In the former case, they should vote for someone with a sense of justice, familiar with the exile government’s working system and operation, having a close tie with the Indian government and has to be able to keep good relations with the west. However, in the later case, they should have different expectations from him.
The leaders from the older generation have achieved a great deal in nurturing the exile community and have put so much effort in resolving the Tibetan issue. However, majority of the Tibetans I have met feel that their works are unrealistic and they are in the wrong direction, and so not satisfied with what they have done. This opinion is not necessarily true but has already been formed, including His Holiness being seen as away from reality. Though the high prestige of His Holiness can still guarantee support of the majority for his Middle-Way approach, this comes out of obedience and not of they being convinced of his approach. So genuine enthusiasm for this approach is lacking among the public. Apart from the believing older generation, majority people in exile doubt if this approach would bring a concrete result. The older generation can’t convince them with the actual future prospects and so is difficult to excite them with enthusiasm.
This is the first Kalon Tripa election with many contestants. Considering His Holiness’ age and changes taking place in China, next Kalon Tripa has to most probably face a critical juncture of history and will need to be more independently play an important role. Sadly, with this afore-said background, many people are simply excited of a leader about to come, merely thinking that the next Kalon Tripa should be someone different from the present one without considering this critical question. In this large-scale spectrum of the Kalon Tripa election, voters usually recognize the contestants from their external images but not the truth. The contestants also contest by utilizing their popularity among the populace and are not able to initiate unique programs with new ideas. In this case, even the democratic means of election does not necessarily elect the right leaders.
Matured democracies have professional teams like experts, universities and think-tanks to help and thus even-though the elected leaders lack in certain qualifications, they can be compensated and so the outcome cannot go so wrong. But exile Tibetan community doesn’t have these facilities and so the elected leaders must have themselves enough wisdom and profound ideas to open up new routes and lead Tibet to a bright future.
Please visit the following website and see the debate online
回复删除http://www.youtube.com/user/VOAKunleng#p/u/2/KwXWcpBH_J8